Abutilon

Abutilon

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Abutilon
Abutilon pictum
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Plantae
(unranked):	Angiosperms
(unranked):	Eudicots
(unranked):	Rosids
Order:	Malvales
Family:	Malvaceae
Subfamily:	Malvoideae
Tribe:	Malveae
Genus:	Abutilon Mill.[1]
Species
about 200, see text
Synonyms
Abortopetalum O.Deg.[1] Beloere Shuttlew. ex A. Gray[1]

Abutilon /əˈbjuːtɨlɒn/^[2] is a large genus of flowering plants in the mallow family, Malvaceae. It is distributed throughout the tropics and subtropics^[3] of the Americas, Africa, Asia, and Australia.^[4] General common names include Indian mallow^[5] and velvetleaf.^[6] The genus name is an 18th-century New Latin word^[7] that came from the Arabic ’abū-ṭīlūn (أبو طيلون),^[8] the name given by Avicenna to this or a similar genus.^[9]

 

Contents

 [show] 

• 1 Description
• 2 Species
  • 2.1 Hybrids
  • 2.2 Formerly placed here
• 3 Cultivation
• 4 Gallery
• 5 References

 

Description[edit]

Plants of this genus include herbs, shrubs, and trees.^[3] They range in height from about 0.5 to 3 meters (1.5 to 10 feet).^[10] The herbage is generally hairy to woolly or bristly.^[11] The leaf blades are usually entire, but the occasional species has lobed leaves. They are palmately veined and have wavy or serrated edges. Flowers are solitary, paired, or borne in small inflorescences in the leaf axils or toward the branch tips. The calyx is bell-shaped with five lobes. The corolla is usually bell-shaped to wheel-shaped, with five petals joined at the bases. The flowers of wild species are most often yellow or orange,^[3] but can be red or pinkish, sometimes with a darker center. The stamens are fused into a tube lined at the mouth with anthers. Inside the tube is the branching style with head-like stigmas. The fruit is a rounded or hemispherical schizocarp with up to 20 segments, each containing a few seeds.^[3][11]

Species[edit]

There are about 200 species in the genus.^[3][11]

Species include:^[5][12]

Abutilon megapotamicum

Abutilon indicum

• A. abutiloides (Jacq.) Garcke – bushy abutilon,^[13] shrubby Indian mallow
• A. albescens Miq.
• A. auritum (Wall. ex Link) Sweet – Asian Indian mallow
• A. bedfordianum (Hook.) A.St.-Hil. – Bedford's mallow
• A. berlandieri Gray ex S.Watson – Berlandier's Indian mallow
• A. bidentatum A. Rich.
• A. buchii Urb.
• A. darwinii Hook.f. – Darwin's mallow
• A. eremitopetalum Caum – hiddenpetal Indian mallow (Lānaʻi in Hawaii)
• A. fruticosum Guill. & Perr. – Texas Indian mallow
• A. giganteum (Jacq.) Sweet
• A. grandiflorum G.Don
• A. grandifolium (Willd.) Sweet – hairy Indian mallow
• A. greveanum (Baill.) Hochr.
• A. hirtum (Lam.) Sweet – Florida Keys Indian mallow
• A. hulseanum Torr. ex A.Gray
• A. hypoleucum A.Gray – whiteleaf Indian mallow
• A. incanum (Link) Sweet – hoary abutilon, pelotazo (Southwestern United States, northern Mexico, Hawaii)
• A. indicum (L.) Sweet – Indian abutilon, Indian lantern-flower, monkeybush
• A. insigne Planch.
• A. julianae Endl.
• A. lauraster Hochr.
• A. leonardi Urb. – woolly abutilon
• A. leucopetalum (F.Muell.) F.Muell. ex Benth. – desert Chinese-lantern
• A. listeri Baker f.
• A. longicuspe Hochst. ex A. Rich.
• A. malacum S. Watson – yellow Indian mallow
• A. mauritianum (Jacq.) Medik.
• A. megapotamicum A.St.-Hil. & Naudin – trailing abutilon
• A. menziesii Seem. – Koʻoloaʻula (Hawaii)
• A. mollicomum (Willd.) Sweet – Sonoran Indian mallow
• A. mollissimum
• A. muticum
• A. niveum Griseb. – white-flowered abutilon
• A. palmeri A.Gray – Palmer's Indian mallow
• A. parishii A.Watson – Parish's Indian mallow
• A. parvulum A.Gray – dwarf Indian mallow
• A. pauciflorum A.St.-Hil. – woolly abutilon^[14]
• A. permolle (Willd.) Sweet – coastal Indian mallow
• A. pictum (Gillies ex Hook.) Walp. – redvein abutilon, painted Indian mallow (syn. A. striatum)
• A. pitcairnense Fosberg
• A. purpurascens (Link) K.Schum.
• A. reflexum (Juss. ex Cav.) Sweet
• A. ramiflorum A.St.-Hil.
• A. reventum S.Watson – yellowflower Indian mallow
• A. sachetianum Fosberg
• A. sandwicense (O.Deg.) Christoph. – greenflower Indian mallow (Oahʻu in Hawaii)
• A. sellowianum (Klotzsch) Regel
• A. theophrasti Medik. – butterprint, abutilon-hemp, China-jute, velvetleaf (in USA), swamp Chinese-lantern
• A. thurberi A.Gray – Thurber's Indian mallow
• A. thyrsodendron Griseb.
• A. trisulcatum (Jacq.) Britton & Millsp. – anglestem Indian mallow
• A. venosum Lem.
• A. virginianum Krapov. – Virgin Islands abutilon
• A. wrightii A.Gray – Wright's Indian mallow

Hybrids[edit]

• Abutilon × hybridum (unknown parentage)
• Abutilon × milleri (A. megapotamicum × A. pictum)
• Abutilon × suntense (A. ochsenii × A. vitifolium)

Formerly placed here[edit]

• Bakeridesia integerrima (Hook.) D.M.Bates (as A. chittendenii Standl.)
• Briquetia spicata (Kunth) Fryxell (as A. spicatum Kunth)
• Corynabutilon ochsenii (Phil.) Kearney (as A. ochsenii (Phil.) Reiche)
• Corynabutilon vitifolium (Cav.) Kearney (as A. vitifolium (Cav.) C.Presl)

Cultivation[edit]

Some abutilons are cultivated as garden plants. Several hybrids and cultivars have been developed.

Cultivars, hybrids, and species that have gained the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit include:

A. megapotamicum[15] A. × milleri[16] 'Canary Bird'[17] 'Cannington Carol'[18]

'Cannington Peter'[19] 'Jermyns'[20] 'Kentish Belle'[21] 'Linda Vista Peach'[22]

'Marion'[23] 'Nabob'[24] 'Orange Glow'[25] 'Savitzii'[26]

'Souvenir de Bonn'[27] 'Veronica Tennant'[28]

Gallery[edit]

• 

  Abutilon theophrasti

• 

  Abutilon incanum

• 

  Abutilon menziesii

• 

  Abutilon pictum

• 

  Abutilon 'Kentish Belle'