Rocky Mount, North Carolina
| Rocky Mount, North Carolina | |
|---|---|
| City | |
| City of Rocky Mount | |
 Rocky Mount city lake and Power Plant as seen in 2009 | |
| Nickname(s): City on the Rise, The Mount, Rock City | |
 | |
| Coordinates: 35°56′18″N 77°47′26″W / 35.93833°N 77.79056°WCoordinates: 35°56′18″N 77°47′26″W / 35.93833°N 77.79056°W | |
| Country |  United States |
| State |  North Carolina |
| Counties | Edgecombe, Nash |
| Founded | Circa March 22, 1816 |
| Incorporated | February 28, 1907 |
| Government | |
| • Mayor | David W. Combs |
| Area | |
| • City | 44.0 sq mi (114.0 km2) |
| • Land | 43.8 sq mi (113.4 km2) |
| • Water | 0.2 sq mi (0.6 km2) |
| • Metro | 1,045.8 sq mi (2,708.5 km2) |
| Elevation | 98 ft (30 m) |
| Population (2010) | |
| • City | 57,477 |
| • Estimate (2016)[1] | 55,466 |
| • Density | 1,300/sq mi (500/km2) |
| • Urban | 86,000 |
| • Metro | 152,392 |
| Time zone | EST (UTC-5) |
| • Summer (DST) | EDT (UTC-4) |
| Zip Codes | 27801-27804 (Rocky Mount), 27809 (Battleboro) |
| Area code(s) | 252 |
| FIPS code | 37-57500 |
| GNIS feature ID | 1022368[2] |
| Website | http://www.rockymountnc.gov |
Rocky Mount is a city in Edgecombe and Nash counties in the Atlantic coastal plain region of the U.S. state of North Carolina.[2] Although it was not formally incorporated until February 28, 1907, the North Carolina community that became the city of Rocky Mount dates from the beginning of the 19th century. The first post office in the area opened in 1816. The city's population was 57,685 at the 2010 census,[3] with an estimated population of 56,325 in 2014.[4] Rocky Mount has received the All-America City Award from the National Civic League two times, in 1969 and 1999.[5]
Rocky Mount is the principal city of the Rocky Mount metropolitan area, which includes Edgecombe and Nash counties. Rocky Mount is also a part of a Combined Statistical Area which encompasses the Rocky Mount and Wilson metropolitan areas. The Rocky Mount–Wilson CSA population is currently[when?] over 200,000 residents.[citation needed] It is also a part of the Raleigh-Durham-Cary CSA with a total population of 2,132,523.
Contents
[hide]History[edit]
Beginnings[edit]
Rocky Mount had its beginning in the early part of the 19th century around the first post office which was established at the falls of the Tar River on March 22, 1816. At that point, the name "Rocky Mount" appeared in documented history. The name undoubtedly derived from the rocky mound at the falls of the Tar River, which was also the site of one of the first cotton mills in North Carolina: Rocky Mount Mills was established in 1818. The Wilmington and Weldon Railroad was built about two miles (3 km) east of the mill in 1845 and became the main connection for Rocky Mount to the outside world.[6] An important change the railroad brought was the establishment of Rocky Mount as a point of departure for travelers from the north and south. The Raleigh-Tarboro stage route (roughly where I-95 and U.S. 64 run today) passed just below Rocky Mount, which became the logical debarking point for railroad travelers wishing to proceed east or west.[6] on February 19, 1867, Rocky Mount was incorporated as a town.[6] The establishment of the Rocky Mount tobacco market in the late 1800s is one of the town's most noteworthy developments. The demand for bright leaf tobacco rose rapidly as the tobacco industry took shape, and the growth of the tobacco market led to the establishment of the town's first bank in 1889.[6] Also during this period, the railroad exerted a powerful influence on the town. The tracks first reached Rocky Mount on Christmas Eve in 1839. In 1840, a train of cars en route to Wilmington stopped in Rocky Mount to import some "Old Nash" for special toasts at opening festivities. The fame of Nash County apple brandy had spread fast. As Rocky Mount encouraged the Atlantic Coast Line Railroad to locate shops and yard facilities in the town, an influx of railroad employees into Rocky Mount occurred. In 1871, the county line moved from the Tar River to its present location in the center of the tracks.[6]
20th century[edit]
By the turn of the 20th century, Rocky Mount's population was around 3,000. A main railroad line, a well established cotton mill, and productive farmland were major contributors to the area's growth and prosperity. To encourage and promote further growth and development, the Chamber of Commerce was established in 1904.[6] on February 28, 1907, with a population around 7,500, Rocky Mount was incorporated as a city. The 20th century brought a number of "firsts" to Rocky Mount - the first public school; one of the most modern hotels in the state, the Ricks Hotel; the first library; the establishment of the first daily newspaper, the Rocky Mount Evening Telegram; the first hospitals with services available to the public; and the YMCA.[6]
In view of the community's educational facilities, the 1950s and '60s brought rapid growth. A new high school opened in 1953. North Carolina Wesleyan College opened in 1960. In 1968, Nash Community College and Edgecombe Community College opened in the twin counties to meet the needs of citizens in technical, vocational, and general education programs.[6] In 1970, Rocky Mount received an All-America City Award. The little town built upon a rock had become the progressive city on the Great Falls of the Tar. The '70s also brought a new post office building, completion of Nash General Hospital, a new campus for Nash Community College, recreational use of the reservoir on the Tar River, a new water plant, the Rocky Mount–Wilson Regional Airport, and new highways.[6] The 1980s brought in a new regional shopping mall, Golden East Crossing, located on Wesleyan Boulevard, and in 2006, a 143-acre (58 ha) sports complex was added, equipped with six youth baseball fields, four interchangeable baseball/softball fields, one championship baseball field, eight soccer/football fields, a professional disc golf course, two outdoor basketball courts, a walking trail, sand volleyball courts, a fishing pier, and a horseshoe pit.[6] The town of Battleboro was annexed to Rocky Mount on July 1, 1996, which is located just north of the city.[7] The local post office, with a ZIP Code of 27809, remains under the name of Battleboro.[8]
Hurricane Floyd[edit]
In September 1999, Hurricane Floyd made landfall in eastern North Carolina, dropping nearly 17 inches (430 mm) of rain during the hours of its passage. Many residents were not aware of the flooding until the water came into their homes. Most localized flooding happened overnight, and the Tar River suffered the worst flooding, exceeding 500-year flood levels along its lower stretches.[9] An additional 20+ inches of rain had fallen prior in the month from the two passes of Hurricane Dennis.
National Register of Historic Places[edit]
The Bellamy-Philips House, Bellemonte, Benvenue, Falls Road Historic District, Machaven, The Meadows, Rocky Mount Central City Historic District, Rocky Mount Electric Power Plant, Rocky Mount Mills Village Historic District, Stonewall, Villa Place Historic District, and West Haven Historic District are listed on the National Register of Historic Places.[10]
Historic Rocky Mount Mills Village[edit]
Situated near Rocky Mount's Tar River, the Rocky Mount Mills Village grew in the late 19th and early 20th centuries as a small community of tenants working for the mill. Changes in industrialization eventually forced the closing of the mill, and this way of life came to an end. However, when the mill closed, the property remained intact.Though the property has been a rental for its entire existence, covenants are now being placed on the property to assure home ownership and owner occupancy. The covenants are also designed to protect the historical integrity of the existing structures in the village and to control the new infill residential construction.[11]
Built between 1885 and 1940, each home is recognized by the National Register of Historic Places.[12] The houses stand in generally good condition. A typical house can be described as a one-story building of gabled, saddlebag frame construction with weatherboard siding, complete with a gabled one-story ell and a hip-roofed porch. The two-story buildings are single-pile frame construction with weatherboard siding, rear one-story addition, and hip-roofed porch. once accommodating 145 homes, the village now contains 62 remaining residences. The layout of lots has approximated the original design for the village where the lots are deep and originally accommodated large vegetable gardens in the rear. In many cases, the original windows, doors, and hardware are intact.
In 2007, Capitol Broadcasting Company purchased the Rocky Mount Mills, along with about 30 mill houses and 30 vacant lots for mill houses. The same company also owns American Tobacco in downtown Durham, North Carolina.[13] In May 2014, it was announced that the Rocky Mount Mills will be turned into a Brewmill. It will be the first craft brewery incubator in North Carolina.[14]
Geography[edit]
Rocky Mount is located in northeastern North Carolina, at the Fall Line between the Atlantic Coastal Plain to the east and the Piedmont region to the west. The city is 58 miles (93 km) east of Raleigh, the state capital, 91 miles (146 km) northeast of Fayetteville, 144 miles (232 km) north of Wilmington, 19 miles (31 km) north of Wilson, 42 miles (68 km) south of Roanoke Rapids, and 127 miles (204 km) south of Richmond, Virginia.
According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 104.9 square miles (271.8 km2), of which 104.6 square miles (270.8 km2) is land and 0.4 square miles (1.0 km2), or 0.35%, is covered by water. The Tar River passes through the city from west to east, crossing the Fall Line at Upper Falls and Little Falls and descending 25 feet (7.6 m) within the city limits.
Rocky Mount straddles the Nash/Edgecombe County line, which follows the CSX Transportation railroad tracks through the center of the city.
Rocky Mount is situated directly between New York and Florida, making it a common middle stop for the Amtrak service that runs through it.[15]
Demographics[edit]
| Historical population | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Census | Pop. | %± | |
| 1870 | 357 | — | |
| 1880 | 552 | 54.6% | |
| 1890 | 816 | 47.8% | |
| 1900 | 2,937 | 259.9% | |
| 1910 | 8,051 | 174.1% | |
| 1920 | 12,742 | 58.3% | |
| 1930 | 21,412 | 68.0% | |
| 1940 | 25,568 | 19.4% | |
| 1950 | 27,697 | 8.3% | |
| 1960 | 32,147 | 16.1% | |
| 1970 | 34,284 | 6.6% | |
| 1980 | 41,283 | 20.4% | |
| 1990 | 48,997 | 18.7% | |
| 2000 | 55,893 | 14.1% | |
| 2010 | 57,477 | 2.8% | |
| Est. 2016 | 55,466 | [1] | −3.5% |
| U.S. Decennial Census[16] 2011 estimate[17] | |||
As of the census of 2010, 57,477 people, 23,097 households, and 14,639 families resided in the city. The population density was 1,312.6 inhabitants per square mile (606.7/km²). The city had 26,953 housing units. The racial makeup of the city was 61.3% African American, 32.4% White, 0.6% Native American, 1.0% Asian, and 1.6% from two or more races. Hispanics or Latinos of any race were 3.7% of the population.
Of the 23,097 households, 27.3% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 35.7% were married couples living together, 22.9% had a female householder with no husband present, and 36.6% were not families. About 31.4% of all households were made up of individuals living alone, and 26.6% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.42 and the average family size was 3.04.
In the city, the population was distributed as 27.5% between the ages of 1 and 19, 6.4% from 20 to 24, 24% from 25 to 44, 27.9% from 45 to 64, and 14.2% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age is 38.7 years. 45.8% of the population are males compared to 54.2% for females.
The median income for a household in the city was $37,059, and for a family was $39,929. The per capita income for the city was $21,779. About 19.0% of the population is below the poverty line.
Economy[edit]
The North Carolina Department of Corrections previously operated the Fountain Correctional Center for Women in an unincorporated area in Edgecombe County, near Rocky Mount.[18] It closed in December 2014.[19]
In July 2016, CSX Transportation announced it will build its $270 million state of the art Carolina Connector cargo terminal in Rocky Mount. Studies by the North Carolina Department of Transportation show warehouses and other distribution facilities usually cluster around such cargo hubs, and officials have projected the Carolina Connector could eventually spawn up to 13,000 related jobs statewide. It will be located off of US 301 in the northern part of Rocky Mount, near North Carolina Wesleyan College. Construction will begin in 2018 and it is expected to open in 2020.[20]
In March 2017 the city broke ground on the Rocky Mount Event Center. The center will hold 5,000 seats, and include eight basketball courts that can be converted into 16 volleyball courts, ropes course, climbing wall, removable flooring suited for trade shows and concerts, family entertainment center; and portable concession stands. The Opportunities Industrialization Center (OIC) of Rocky Mount will open an urgent care clinic within the facility. The center is 175,000 square feet covering 12 acres in downtown Rocky Mount.[21][22]
Largest employers[edit]
Below is a list of some of the largest employers in the Rocky Mount metropolitan area as of 2016.[23]
| # | Employer | No. of employees |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Pfizer | 2,400 |
| 2 | Nash-Rocky Mount Public Schools | 2,275 |
| 3 | Cummins–Rocky Mount Engine Plant | 1,800 |
| 4 | Nash UNC Health Care | 1,600 |
| 5 | Edgecombe County Public Schools | 1,100 |
| 6 | QVC Distribution center | 1,100 |
| 7 | CenturyLink | 1,000 |
| 8 | Tyson Foods | 950 |
| 9 | Alorica | 885 |
| 10 | City of Rocky Mount | 850 |
Arts and culture[edit]
Rocky Mount has a growing arts community. The city operates the Maria V. Howard Arts Center, a Children's Museum and Science Center, and a community theater at the Imperial Center for Arts and Sciences.[24]
Recently, the city renovated the Douglas Block, located in downtown Rocky Mount. Six historically significant buildings, all of which composed the African American business district of the downtown area in the early to mid-1900s, was a part of this renovation. The Douglas Block includes Thelonious Monk Plaza, named after Rocky Mount native and jazz musician Thelonious Monk.[25]
Education[edit]
The city of Rocky Mount is mainly served by the Nash-Rocky Mount Public School System. Some parts of the city is also served by Edgecombe County Public Schools, along with a number of private and charter schools in the area.
North Carolina Wesleyan College is the only four-year institution of higher education in Rocky Mount. Montreat College School of Professional and Adult Studies has established a convenient location in Rocky Mount. The two community colleges serving Rocky Mount are Nash Community College and Edgecombe Community College.
Public high schools include: Nash Central High School, Northern Nash High School, Rocky Mount High School, SouthWest Edgecombe High School and Southern Nash High School. The two nontraditional public schools are Tar River Academy and NRMPS Early College High School. one North Carolina charter school located in Rocky Mount is Rocky Mount Preparatory School.
Private Christian schools located in Rocky Mount include: Cornerstone Christian Academy, Crown of Victory Christian School, Faith Christian School, New Life Christian Academy, Grace Christian School, Our Lady of Perpetual Help (OLPH), and Showers of Blessing Christian Academy. The only secular private school in Rocky Mount is Rocky Mount Academy, a segregation academy formed in response to the court ordered racial integration of public schools.[26]
Government[edit]
The legislative body of the government of the city of Rocky Mount is composed of a mayor and seven member city council. The city is divided into seven wards and each ward is represented by a council member who resides in the ward. The mayor is elected at-large by the citizens and serves a four-year term. Members of the city council serve four year terms and are elected by the voters of the wards in which they reside. Elections are held every two years in order that the terms of office will be staggered.[27]
City council[edit]
- David W. Combs (Mayor)
- Andre Knight (Ward 1)
- Reuben C. Blackwell, IV (Ward 2)
- Lamont Wiggins (Ward 3)
- Lois Watkins (Ward 4)
- Tom Rogers (Ward 5)
- W.B. Bullock (Ward 6)
- Chris Carroll Miller (Ward 7)
Infrastructure[edit]
Transportation[edit]
Roads and highways[edit]
The city is served by three major highways: I-95 to its west, US 64 (Future I-87) as its main east-west corridor and US 301 (Wesleyan Boulevard) as its main north-south corridor. In the downtown area, both US 64 Bus. (Sunset Avenue / Thomas Street) and US 301 Bus. (Church Street) serve as major thoroughfares. State highways NC 43, NC 48 and NC 97 serve the city by connecting to nearby towns.
Airports[edit]
The Rocky Mount–Wilson Regional Airport (RWI) serves the general aviation needs of Nash, Wilson, and Edgecombe counties. It is on NC 97, 9 miles (14 km) southwest of downtown Rocky Mount. The closest airport with scheduled commercial service is Pitt–Greenville Airport (PGV), 40 miles (64 km) to the southeast. Cargo and charter flights in the area also use the Kinston Regional Jetport (ISO), 50 miles (80 km) to the south. Raleigh-Durham International Airport (RDU), is 74 miles (119 km) to the west.
Rail[edit]
Rocky Mount is served by Amtrak. The train station is centrally located on Main Street in downtown Rocky Mount.[28]
Public transit[edit]
Public transportation in and around the city of Rocky Mount is provided by the Tar River Transit,[29] which operates 10 fixed bus routes throughout the city.[30]
Health care[edit]
Nash UNC Health Care, opened in 1971 as Nash General Hospital, it was the first all-private-room hospital in North Carolina.[31] It is home to a women's center, a cardiovascular services department, and a critical care unit. A subunit of the hospital, known as Nash Day Hospital, opened in 1984 as a free-standing outpatient surgery center.[32] The hospital also operates the Bryant T. Aldridge Rehabilitation Center in honor of Kinston, North Carolina native Bryant T. Aldridge, the first manager of Nash General, which opened in 1999,[33] and the Coastal Plain Hospital, a mental health facility.[34] In 2004, the hospital opened a state-of-the-art Surgery Pavilion, followed in 2014 by the opening of a new Emergency Department and a new Nash Heart Center.[35] In 2014, Nash Health Care became affiliates with UNC Health Care.[36][37] In May 2016, the hospital opened the doors of its new $25 million Nash Women's Center.[38]
Rocky Mount is also home to LifeCare Hospitals of North Carolina. The Rocky Mount facility has 50 licensed beds and a medical staff of more than 40 physicians.[39] LifeCare has 24 hospitals in nine states across the United States.[40]
Media[edit]
The Rocky Mount Telegram serves as the main daily newspaper for the city of Rocky Mount and surrounding areas.[41]
Notable people[edit]
- Andrew B. Anderson Jr. - U.S. Air Force lieutenant general.[42]
- F. C. Barnes - Gospel musician.[43]
- Henry Gaston Bunn - Confederate soldier and former Arkansas Supreme Court judge.[44]
- Jeff Collins - member of the North Carolina General Assembly.[45]
- Phil Ford - basketball player[46]
- Maureen Garrett - actress born in Rocky Mount.[citation needed]
- Alberta Gay - mother of Marvin Gaye.[47]
- Allan Gurganus - novelist born in Rocky Mount.[48]
- Chuck Hinton - baseball player born in Rocky Mount.[49]
- Earle Hyman - actor born in Rocky Mount.[48][50]
- Terrence J - actor; attended Northern Nash High School in Rocky Mount.[51]
- Kay Kyser - musician, radio and film personality born in Rocky Mount.[52]
- Walter Fenner Leonard - better known as Buck Leonard, Negro League hall of fame baseball player.[53]
- Westray Battle Long - served on staff of Dwight D. Eisenhower during World War II.[54]
- Thelonious Monk - Jazz pianist born in Rocky Mount[55]
- Buck Williams - basketball player[56]
- Mary Elizabeth Winstead - actress born in Rocky Mount[57][not in citation given][citation needed]
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