Mockingbird

Mockingbird

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For other uses, see Mockingbird (disambiguation).

Northern Mockingbird
Northern mockingbird Mimus polyglottos
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Class:	Aves
Order:	Passeriformes
Family:	Mimidae
Genera
Melanotis Mimus Nesomimus

Mockingbirds are a group of New World passerine birds from the Mimidae family. They are best known for the habit of some species mimicking the songs of other birds and the sounds of insects and amphibians,^[1] often loudly and in rapid succession. There are about 17 species in three genera. These do not appear to form a monophyletic lineage: Mimus and Nesomimus are quite closely related; their closest living relatives appear to be thrashers, such as the sage thrasher. Melanotis is more distinct; it seems to represent a very ancient basal lineage of Mimidae.^[2][3]

Some types of mockingbirds are known to lay "alien eggs", or eggs that are laid in another bird's nest. Similar to the cowbird, the mockingbirds' offspring will force the other nest inhabitants from the nest, taking all the food from the parents and forcing the foster-parents to rear and fledge them.

The only mockingbird commonly found in North America is the northern mockingbird (Mimus polyglottos). The Greek word polyglottos means multiple languages.

Contents

 [hide] 

• 1 Species in taxonomic order
• 2 Mockingbirds and Darwin
• 3 Notes
• 4 External links

Species in taxonomic order[edit]

Mimus:

• Brown-backed mockingbird, Mimus dorsalis
• Bahama mockingbird, Mimus gundlachii
• Long-tailed mockingbird, Mimus longicaudatus
• Patagonian mockingbird, Mimus patagonicus
• Chilean mockingbird, Mimus thenca
• White-banded mockingbird, Mimus triurus
• Northern mockingbird, Mimus polyglottos
• Socorro mockingbird, Mimus graysoni
• Tropical mockingbird, Mimus gilvus
• Chalk-browed mockingbird, Mimus saturninus

Formerly Nesomimus (endemic to the Galapagos):

• Hood mockingbird, Mimus macdonaldi
• Galápagos mockingbird, Mimus parvulus
• Floreana mockingbird or Charles mockingbird, Mimus trifasciatus
• San Cristóbal mockingbird, Mimus melanotis

Melanotis:

• Blue mockingbird, Melanotis caerulescens
• Blue-and-white mockingbird, Melanotis hypoleucus

Mockingbirds and Darwin[edit]

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The Chilean mockingbird, Mimus thenca.

When the survey voyage of HMS Beagle visited the Galápagos Islands in September to October 1835, the naturalist Charles Darwin noticed that the mockingbirds Mimus thenca differed from island to island, and were closely allied in appearance to mockingbirds on the South American mainland. Nearly a year later when writing up his notes on the return voyage he speculated that this, together with what he had been told about Galápagos tortoises, could undermine the doctrine of stability of species. This was his first recorded ｅxpression of his doubts about species being immutable, which led to his being convinced about the transmutation of species and hence evolution.